Nobel Prize in Literature
The Nobel Prize in literature is awarded annually to an author from any country who has produced "the most outstanding work of an idealistic tendency". The "work" in this case generally refers to an author's work as a whole, not to any individual work, though individual works are sometimes cited in the awards. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year.
List of Nobel Prize laureates in Literature from 1901 to the present day.
1900s - 1910s - 1920s - 1930s - 1940s - 1950s - 1960s - 1970s - 1980s - 1990s - 2000s
1900s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | Sully Prudhomme | France |
| 1902 | Theodor Mommsen | Germany |
| 1903 | Bjřrnstjerne Bjřrnson | Norway |
| 1904 | Frédéric Mistral | France |
| José Echegaray y Eizaguirre | Spain | |
| 1905 | Henryk Sienkiewicz | Poland |
| 1906 | Giosuč Carducci | Italy |
| 1907 | Rudyard Kipling | United Kingdom |
| 1908 | Rudolf Christoph Eucken | Germany |
| 1909 | Selma Lagerlöf | Sweden |
1910s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1910 | Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse | Germany |
| 1911 | Count Maurice Maeterlinck | Belgium |
| 1912 | Gerhart Hauptmann | Germany |
| 1913 | Sir Rabindranath Tagore | India |
| 1915 | Romain Rolland | France |
| 1916 | Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam | Sweden |
| 1917 | Karl Adolph Gjellerup | Denmark |
| Henrik Pontoppidan | Denmark | |
| 1919 | Carl Spitteler | Switzerland |
1920s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | Knut Hamsun | Norway |
| 1921 | Anatole France | France |
| 1922 | Jacinto Benavente | Spain |
| 1923 | William Butler Yeats | Ireland |
| 1924 | Władysław Reymont | Poland |
| 1925 | George Bernard Shaw | Ireland |
| 1926 | Grazia Deledda | Italy |
| 1927 | Henri Bergson | France |
| 1928 | Sigrid Undset | Norway |
| 1929 | Thomas Mann | Germany |
1930s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1930 | Sinclair Lewis | United States |
| 1931 | Erik Axel Karlfeldt | Sweden |
| 1932 | John Galsworthy | United Kingdom |
| 1933 | Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin | Russia |
| 1934 | Luigi Pirandello | Italy |
| 1936 | Eugene O'Neill | United States |
| 1937 | Roger Martin du Gard | France |
| 1938 | Pearl S. Buck | United States |
| 1939 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää | Finland |
1940s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1944 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen | Denmark |
| 1945 | Gabriela Mistral | Chile |
| 1946 | Hermann Hesse | Germany |
| 1947 | André Gide | France |
| 1948 | T. S. Eliot | United States |
| 1949 | William Faulkner | United States |
1950s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | Bertrand Russell | United Kingdom |
| 1951 | Pär Lagerkvist | Sweden |
| 1952 | François Mauriac | France |
| 1953 | Sir Winston Churchill | United Kingdom |
| 1954 | Ernest Hemingway | United States |
| 1955 | Halldór Laxness | Iceland |
| 1956 | Juan Ramón Jiménez | Spain |
| 1957 | Albert Camus | France |
| 1958 | Boris Pasternak (Борис Леонидович Пастернак) | Russia |
| 1959 | Salvatore Quasimodo | Italy |
1960s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Perse Saint-John | France |
| 1961 | Ivo Andric | Yugoslavia |
| 1962 | John Steinbeck | United States |
| 1963 | Giorgos Seferis | Greece |
| 1964 | Jean-Paul Sartre (declined the prize) | France |
| 1965 | Michail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov (Михаил Александрович Шолохов) | Russia |
| 1966 | Shmuel Yosef Agnon | Israel |
| Nelly Sachs | Germany | |
| 1967 | Miguel Ángel Asturias | Guatemala |
| 1968 | Yasunari Kawabata | Japan |
| 1969 | Samuel Beckett | Ireland |
1970s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn (Алекса́ндр Иса́евич Солжени́цын) | Russia |
| 1971 | Pablo Neruda | Chile |
| 1972 | Heinrich Böll | Germany |
| 1973 | Patrick White | Australia |
| 1974 | Eyvind Johnson | Sweden |
| Harry Martinson | Sweden | |
| 1975 | Eugenio Montale | Italy |
| 1976 | Saul Bellow | Canada/United States |
| 1977 | Vicente Aleixandre | Spain |
| 1978 | Isaac Bashevis Singer | United States |
| 1979 | Odysseas Elytis | Greece |
1980s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | Czesław Miłosz | Poland/United States |
| 1981 | Elias Canetti | United Kingdom |
| 1982 | Gabriel García Márquez | Colombia |
| 1983 | William Golding | United Kingdom |
| 1984 | Jaroslav Seifert | Czechoslovakia |
| 1985 | Claude Simon | France |
| 1986 | Wole Soyinka | Nigeria |
| 1987 | Joseph Brodsky | Russia-United States |
| 1988 | Naguib Mahfouz | Egypt |
| 1989 | Camilo José Cela | Spain |
1990s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Octavio Paz | Mexico |
| 1991 | Nadine Gordimer | South Africa |
| 1992 | Derek Walcott | St. Lucia |
| 1993 | Toni Morrison | United States |
| 1994 | Kenzaburo Oe (大江 健三郎) | Japan |
| 1995 | Seamus Heaney | Ireland |
| 1996 | Wisława Szymborska | Poland |
| 1997 | Dario Fo | Italy |
| 1998 | José Saramago | Portugal |
| 1999 | Günter Grass | Germany |
2000s
| Year | Name | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Gao Xingjian (高行健) | France |
| 2001 | Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul | United Kingdom |
| 2002 | Imre Kertész | Hungary |
| 2003 | John Maxwell Coetzee | South Africa |
| 2004 | Elfriede Jelinek | Austria |
Notes
- The women who have received the Nobel Prize for Literature are Selma Lagerlöf, Grazia Deledda, Sigrid Undset, Pearl S. Buck, Gabriela Mistral, Nelly Sachs, Nadine Gordimer, Toni Morrison, Wisława Szymborska, and Elfriede Jelinek. The other recipients are men.
- The Nobel Prize is not the sole measure of literary excellence and lasting worth. The following people, for instance, missed the Nobel Prize: Jorge Luis Borges, Bertolt Brecht, Julio Cortázar, Anton Chekhov, Jacques Derrida, Lion Feuchtwanger, Graham Greene, Aldous Huxley, Henrik Ibsen, James Joyce, Franz Kafka, Alberto Moravia, Vladimir Nabokov, George Orwell, Marcel Proust, Oswald Spengler, Leo Tolstoy, and Arnold Toynbee.
External links
- http://www.nobel.se/literature/laureates/index.html
- Nobel Prize Winners in Literature (http://www.nobelprizes.com/nobel/literature)
| Nobel Prizes |
| Chemistry | Literature | Physiology or Medicine | Peace | Physics |
| Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel |
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