1623
| Years: 1620 1621 1622 - 1623 - 1624 1625 1626 | |
| Decades: 1590s 1600s 1610s - 1620s - 1630s 1640s 1650s | |
| Centuries: 16th century - 17th century - 18th century 1623 in literature 1623 in science | |
Events
- August 6 - Pope Urban VIII is elected to the Papacy.
- Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Osman II (1618-1622) to Murat IV (1623-1640).
- The Safavids recapture Baghdad.
- England first colonizes Saint Kitts and Nevis.
- Wilhelm Schickard invents his "Calculating Clock", and early mechanical calculator.
- Procopius's long-lost Secret History is rediscovered in the Vatican Library.
- Giambattista Marini publishes his long poem Adone.
- Tommaso Campanella publishes The City of the Sun.
- Johannes Rudbeck founds Rudbeckianska Gymnasiet, first gymnasium in Sweden.
- The Avedis Zildjian Company begins making cymbals at Constantinople.
- Second Thanksgiving celebrated at Plymouth Plantation.
- Erotomania is first mentioned in a psychiatric treatise.
Births
- January 9 - Empress Meisho of Japan
- June 19 - Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist and religious philosopher
- August 5 - Antonio Cesti, composer (data of baptism) (+ 1669)
- Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle (+ 1673)
- Sir William Petty
Deaths
- March 19 - Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord
- July 4 - William Byrd, composer
- July 8 - Pope Gregory XV
- 12 November - Josaphat Kuncevyc, archbishop from Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, key figure in Union of Brest
- Andrea Andreani, Italian engraver
- William Camden, historian
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