12th century
(11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries)
As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200.
Events
- Song dynasty loses power over Northern China
- The Kamakura Shogunate deprives the Emperor of Japan from political power.
- First, Second, and Third Crusades of western European kingdoms against Islam
- Pope Adrian IV granted overlordship of Ireland to Henry II of England.
- Suger rebuilds the abbey church at St Denis north of Paris, seen as first Gothic building
- Portugal gained independence from the kingdom of León in 1128 (recognised by Leon in 1143).
- Nalanda, the great Indian Buddhist educational centre, was destroyed.
- Thomas Becket murdered in 1170.
- Toltec Empire collapses.
- Founding of Katedralskolan (Cathedralschool) in Lund, Sweden, 1185. The school is the oldest in northern Europe, and one of the oldest in Europe.
Significant people
- Pierre Abélard, one of the first scholastic philosophers
- Bernard of Clairvaux, French abbot influential in church politics
- Saladin, ruler of Egypt and Syria who resisted the Crusaders
- Hugh of St. Victor, French scholar
- Richard of St. Victor, theologian
- Alfonso I Henriques, first King of Portugal
- Maimonides, leading Jewish philosopher
- Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury
- Minamoto no Yoritomo, first shogun of Japan
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
- Beginning of the Gothic architecture style
- First European universities founded.
Decades and years
af:12de eeu
bg:12 век
ca:Segle XII
cs:12. století
da:12. århundrede
de:12. Jahrhundert
es:Siglo XII
eo:12-a jarcento
fr:XIIe siècle
fy:12e ieu
ko:12세기
it:XII secolo
lb:12. Joerhonnert
nl:12e eeuw
ja:12世紀
no:12. århundre
pl:XII wiek
pt:Século XII
ro:Secolul XII
ru:XII век
sl:12. stoletje
fi:1100-luku
sv:1100-talet
tr:12. yüzyıl
uk:12 століття
zh:12世纪